¶ … psychological effects of incarceration on inmates are very profound. The effects can be grouped into two main categories. The first category relates to the effects that the inmates experience while they are still in prison. The second categories of effects are the ones that are post-incarceration related. The psychological effect of incarceration is a problem that should be addressed with utmost urgency and due care since the inmates are also part of our society and they deserve normal health care and treatment as all the other persons in the society. The process of inmate reintegration is therefore jeopardized by the unstable mental condition of the inmates after they leave prison. It is therefore important to formulate the best framework to address the state of inmate mental health both pre-incarceration and post-incarceration. It is important that the process of inmate reintegration is not jeopardized by poor mental state resulting from both pre-incarceration and post-incarceration injustices.

Causes of psychological trauma to inmates while being incarcerated

Inmates are usually subjected to some of the most traumatizing moments. There are myriads of causes of psychological trauma to inmates. The causes vary since they have different causes.

The first major cause of psychological trauma to inmates is the violence that they are exposed to while in confinement. The violence is usually between the inmates themselves. The major causes of violence is gang wars. Due to the highly polarized nature of the...

The violence associated with these wars usually result in a lot of psychological stress since some of the inmates are either the victims or are witnesses in such cases of brutality. The other major cause of violence is the administration to inmate injustices. There have been cases of harassment and beatings by the prison administration against certain inmates due to victimization as regards their social status and even their races. Sexual violence is another major cause of inmate psychological; trauma. Cases of homosexual rapes and even STI infection are rampant in the various state and federal correctional facilities. These result to a lot of psychological stress which at times end up in cases of suicides.
The other cause of trauma is deprevation.The inmates are usually deprived of their rights. Some of their rights of which they are deprived include the following: Sexual right, Religious right, the right of association and even the right of movement. These forms of deprivation results in the inmates getting deeply traumatized. Such kind of trauma results in some worst cases of rebellion and violence. Cases of rape have been reported as a result of sexual deprivation for example.

The other cause of mental trauma to inmates is the lack of ties or rather communication with their families and cultural values. This cases stress since some of the inmates are parents and therefore get deeply worried…